PMS: Frequently Asked Questions

Premenstrual Syndrome

What do you mean by PMS during periods?

Premenstrual Syndrome, or PMS, is the mix of physical and emotional symptoms you feel after ovulation and before your period, like cramps, mood swings, or bloating. Some women have mild symptoms, while others feel them strongly. They usually ease a few days into your period.

At what age is PMS most commonly experienced?

PMS is most commonly diagnosed in women in their late 20s to early 40s. Symptoms often start in the mid-20s and may continue throughout the reproductive years, sometimes peaking or becoming more severe during the 30s and early 40s.

What is the difference between PMS and PMDD?

Premenstrual Syndrome can cause mild to moderate symptoms like mood swings, bloating, and cramps before your period. However, Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder, or PMDD, is a more severe form, leading to intense emotional and physical symptoms that can interfere with daily life and often need medical treatment.

Is it possible to experience PMS symptoms without actually getting my period?

Yes, it’s possible to feel PMS-like symptoms without getting your period. Stress, hormonal changes, pregnancy, or conditions like Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) can trigger similar signs, like mood swings, bloating, or cramps, even if your period doesn’t arrive. If it happens often, it’s worth checking with your doctor.

Causes & symptoms of PMS

What are the seven symptoms of PMS?

The seven most common symptoms of PMS include mood swings, irritability or anxiety, bloating, breast tenderness, headaches, fatigue, and food cravings. They are usually mild and will ease during your period. However, consult a doctor if it starts affecting your day-to-day life. 

Which hormones are responsible for PMS mood swings and anxiety before your period?

The main hormones that are causing your mood fluctuations and anxiety are estrogen and progesterone. When their levels fluctuate during the luteal phase of your cycle, they impact your brain chemistry, which can throw off mood regulation and cause the mood swings and Anxiety you feel before your period.

What type of discharge will I get before my period?

Before your period, you will notice thick, white, or creamy vaginal discharge. This happens because progesterone levels rise during the luteal phase. The discharge may feel sticky or less slippery than mid-cycle, usually decreasing just before bleeding starts.

Duration and severity

Does PMS get worse with age?

Yes, PMS can get worse as you age, especially in your 30s and 40s. Hormonal shifts leading up to perimenopause can make symptoms like mood swings, cramps, and bloating more intense. However, healthy lifestyle habits and treatment can help ease the discomfort.

When will the symptoms of PMS begin before my period?

PMS symptoms usually start about 5 to 11 days before your period. You might notice mood swings, bloating, cramps, or cravings during this time, and they generally ease once your period begins.

How is PMS diagnosed?

PMS is usually diagnosed based on your symptoms and menstrual cycle history. Your doctor may ask you to track mood changes, cramps, bloating, and other signs over a few cycles. Sometimes, tests are done to rule out other conditions with similar symptoms.

Diagnosis and treatment

How do I stop PMS symptoms?

While you can’t completely prevent PMS, you can manage symptoms with lifestyle changes. Eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, getting enough sleep, reducing stress, and limiting caffeine or sugar can help. Some medications or hormone therapy can also help with the discomfort. Always talk to your doctor before using it.

Why is my PMS suddenly so bad?

Sometimes PMS hits harder because of stress, lack of sleep, diet changes, or natural hormonal shifts. Getting older or health changes can also make symptoms feel stronger. Keeping track of your cycle and habits can help you determine what’s triggering it.

What vitamins are good for PMS?

Vitamins for PMS include Vitamin B6, which can help improve mood and reduce irritability; Magnesium, which eases cramps and bloating; Calcium, which supports hormone balance; and Vitamin E, which may relieve breast tenderness. A balanced diet rich in nutrients can also help manage symptoms.

How can I manage or treat PMS-related depression?

You can manage PMS-related depression through lifestyle changes like regular exercise, a balanced diet, good sleep, and stress-reduction techniques. In some cases, doctors may recommend therapy, supplements like vitamin B6 or magnesium, or medication to help stabilize mood during your cycle.