Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: Frequently Asked Questions

PID - Causes and risk factors

What can cause Pelvic Inflammatory Disease(PID)?

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, or PID, is generally caused by bacterial infections, often from sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like Chlamydia or Gonorrhea. It can also result from bacteria entering the uterus after childbirth, miscarriage, or specific medical procedures. Untreated infections can also heighten the risk of developing PID.

Who is most at risk for PID?

Sexually active women, especially those under 25, who have multiple sexual partners or don’t use barrier methods like condoms consistently, are at higher risk. If you have a history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or a previous episode of PID, it increases the chance of developing the condition.

Can poor hygiene cause PID?

No, poor hygiene alone will not cause PID, but it can increase your risk by allowing harmful bacteria to enter your reproductive tract. Not cleaning your genital area properly after using the bathroom, douching, or poor hygiene during medical procedures can disrupt your vaginal flora and make you more prone to PID.

Can I get PID without having an STD?

Yes, you can get PID even without an STD. While STDs like Chlamydia and Gonorrhea are the most common causes, normal vaginal bacteria or other non-sexually transmitted diseases can also infect your reproductive organs and lead to PID.

Can Bacterial Vaginosis cause PID?

Yes, Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) can increase the risk of developing PID. BV disturbs the natural balance of bacteria in your vagina, allowing harmful bacteria to move into the uterus, fallopian tubes, or ovaries, which can lead to PID if left untreated.

PID symptoms and how it feels

How does pelvic inflammation feel?

Pelvic inflammation can cause discomfort or pain in your lower abdomen or pelvis. You might experience abnormal vaginal discharge, bleeding between periods, pain during sex, fever, or a burning sensation while urinating. Symptoms can vary from mild to severe, and some women may not notice them at all until complications develop.

What does PID pain feel like?

PID pain is usually a dull or cramping ache in your lower abdomen or pelvis. It can be constant or irregular and may worsen during sex, urination, or your period. Some people also experience lower back pain, abdominal tenderness, or a feeling of pressure in the pelvic area.

Does PID cause back pain?

Yes, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) can cause lower back pain. Pain in the lower abdomen and pelvis will radiate to your lower back, making it a common symptom of the infection. Other signs like pelvic discomfort, abnormal discharge, or fever often accompany this.

What is the first stage of PID?

Stage 1 of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is the initial phase when the infection spreads from your vagina and cervix into the uterus and fallopian tubes. Sexually transmitted infections often cause this stage and may present with mild or subtle symptoms.

PID transmission

Can I have sex with PID?

No, doctors do not recommend having sex if you have PID. Sexual activity can worsen the infection, increase pain, and risk spreading bacteria to your partner. It’s best to wait until you’ve completed treatment and your healthcare provider confirms the infection has cleared.

Which STIs can cause PID?

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is most commonly caused by STIs like Chlamydia and Gonorrhea. Other bacterial infections can also contribute, but these two STIs are the leading causes. Untreated STIs increase the risk of the disease developing in the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries.

Should my boyfriend get treated if I’m diagnosed with PID?

Yes, your boyfriend should be treated if your PID is linked to STIs. Treating both partners helps prevent reinfection and further complications. Even if he doesn’t have symptoms, he must get tested and treated under medical guidance.

PID treatment and management

How can I reduce pelvic inflammation?

You can reduce pelvic inflammation by treating the underlying cause, like PID, with prescribed antibiotics. Resting, staying hydrated, and using over-the-counter pain relief medications can help ease discomfort. You should avoid sexual intercourse until the treatment is done, and follow up with your healthcare provider to prevent complications.

Can pelvic inflammation go away?

No, pelvic inflammation usually doesn’t go away on its own and needs prompt treatment with antibiotics to clear the infection. While antibiotics stop the infection, they can’t reverse permanent damage like scarring or blockages in the fallopian tubes. Early treatment is crucial to prevent chronic pain, infertility, or Ectopic pregnancy.

Can Pelvic Inflammatory Disease be treated at home?

No, you cannot fully treat PID at home. You need prescription antibiotics from a healthcare provider to clear the infection. While home care, like rest, staying hydrated, and taking over-the-counter pain relievers, can ease symptoms, completing treatment is crucial to avoid complications and promote recovery.

What is the best supplement for PID?

There is not just one best supplement for PID. However, Omega-3s, Vitamins A, C, D, zinc, and probiotics can support immune health, reduce inflammation, and help restore beneficial bacteria. Always consult your doctor before taking supplements, especially while on antibiotics or other treatments.

PID complications and prognosis

What happens if PID is left untreated?

If PID is left untreated, the infection can cause serious complications. It may lead to chronic pelvic pain, scarring or blockages in the fallopian tubes, infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and increased risk of recurrent infections. If it gets diagnosed early, appropriate treatment is crucial to prevent long-term damage.