Endometriosis: Frequently Asked Questions

Overview of Endometriosis

What is Endometriosis?

Endometriosis is a condition where tissue similar to the lining inside your uterus grows outside of it. It often affects your ovaries, fallopian tubes, and pelvic lining, causing pain and other issues. On rare occasions, it may spread beyond the pelvic area.

What causes Endometriosis?

There is no exact cause of Endometriosis, but it is believed to be a combination of several factors, including retrograde menstruation (menstrual blood flowing backward), genetics, hormonal changes, and immune system issues. It develops from factors mostly beyond your control. 

What does Endometriosis look like?

Endometriosis growths don’t all look the same. They can appear as small red, brown, or black spots, scar-like tissue, or fluid-filled cysts on your ovaries. A doctor usually finds them during a laparoscopy since they’re not visible outside.

Diagnosis and staging

How is Endometriosis diagnosed?

Your doctor may start with your symptoms and a pelvic exam, then suggest imaging tests like an ultrasound or an MRI. The only way to confirm Endometriosis is through a laparoscopy,which is a minor surgery that lets the doctor see and sometimes sample the tissue directly.

Can you see Endometriosis on an ultrasound?

Yes, an ultrasound can spot cysts linked to Endometriosis, especially on your ovaries. However, it can’t detect all types of Endometriosis. Smaller lesions or surface growths usually need further tests, like laparoscopy, for a precise diagnosis.

What are the stages of Endometriosis?

Endometriosis has four stages: minimal, mild, moderate, and severe. These stages are based on the number, size, and depth of growths, scar tissue, and cysts. The stage doesn’t always match how much pain you feel. Some with mild stages may have severe symptoms, and vice versa.

Complications

Does Endometriosis cause weight gain?

No, Endometriosis itself doesn’t directly cause weight gain. But it can lead to bloating, hormone imbalances, or side effects from treatments that make you feel heavier. You may also notice changes in appetite or activity due to pain.

Can Endometriosis cause back pain?

Yes, Endometriosis can cause back pain. If the tissue grows near your nerves, lower back, or pelvic area, you may feel ongoing aches, especially during your period. If your back pain is constant or severe, it’s best to talk to your doctor for proper care.

Does Endometriosis cause bloating?

Yes, Endometriosis can cause bloating, often called endo belly. You may notice your stomach feeling swollen, tight, or uncomfortable, especially around your period. This happens due to inflammation, trapped gas, or hormonal changes. If bloating keeps bothering you, your doctor can suggest ways to manage it.

Can Endometriosis cause constipation?

Yes, it can cause constipation. If Endometriosis affects your bowels or the tissue around them, you may notice constipation, painful bowel movements, or bloating. These symptoms often get worse around your period. If constipation is frequent or severe, it’s a good idea to check in with your doctor.

Can Endometriosis cause UTI symptoms?

Yes, Endometriosis can sometimes mimic Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) symptoms. If the tissue grows near or on your bladder, you may feel burning, have frequent urges to pee, or experience pelvic pressure. Unlike a real UTI, tests might come back clear. If this happens often, your doctor can help sort it out.

Can Endometriosis cause Cancer?

No, Endometriosis itself isn’t Cancer, and most people with it never develop Cancer. However, in rare cases, long-term Endometriosis may slightly raise the chance of ovarian Cancer or Endometriosis-associated Cancers. Your overall risk is still low, but regular checkups help maintain your health.

Fertility and pregnancy

If I have Endometriosis, can I still get pregnant?

Yes, you can still get pregnant with Endometriosis; however, it might be a bit more challenging. The condition can affect your ovaries, fallopian tubes, or uterus, which may reduce fertility. Treatments, lifestyle changes, or fertility options like In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) will help improve your chances.

How can I get pregnant with Endometriosis?

If you have Endometriosis and want to get pregnant, focus on tracking ovulation, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and managing symptoms. Your doctor may suggest fertility treatments like medication, surgery to remove lesions, or assisted options like IVF to improve your chances of conceiving.

Can you have PCOS and Endometriosis at the same time?

Yes, you can have both Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Endometriosis at the same time. One condition doesn’t cause the other, but their symptoms can overlap, potentially affecting fertility or causing pain. Managing both often depends on a proper diagnosis and treatment from your doctor.

Treatment and management

How do I treat Endometriosis?

Treatment for Endometriosis varies depending on your symptoms and goals. You doctor may prescribe medications for pain relief, hormone therapy to slow tissue growth, or surgery to remove lesions. Lifestyle changes like eating well, exercising, and managing stress can also help. Your doctor will guide you to the best plan for you.

Does birth control help with Endometriosis?

Yes, birth control can help manage Endometriosis symptoms. Hormonal pills, patches, or IUDs can reduce periods, control pain, and slow tissue growth. It won’t cure Endometriosis, but it can make symptoms more manageable while you and your doctor explore other treatment options.

Does Endometriosis go away after Menopause?

Yes, Endometriosis often improves or may go away after Menopause since it’s fueled by estrogen, which drops significantly. However, if you have severe or long-standing Endometriosis, your symptoms might persist or even flare up. Your doctor can help you manage any ongoing issues.

How can I prevent Endometriosis?

Endometriosis is a condition you cannot prevent, as there is no exact known cause. However, you can reduce risk by maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, and managing hormone balance. Getting checked early and treating symptoms can also help in avoiding complications.